Campaigns

Disability Awareness in Action
Resource Kit No. 3

Published by © Disability Awareness in Action, All rights reserved

Download the "Campaigns Kit" as a PDF file (120 KB)

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Stage Seven Assessing Activities and Making Changes



18. Monitoring and Evaluation

Looking Back, Looking Forward

Regular assessment (monitoring) of a campaign is essential to improve its efficiency and its ability to reach its goals. It is difficult but very important after a campaign or event to look at how effectively its aims were carried out, how well it was run and what the results were. This process of evaluation will help you to plan future events. There is always something to learn. In the case of general awareness-raising activities, a survey or questionnaire about the event can provide useful feedback afterwards.

Always set goals that can be precisely defined, so that anyone can objectively determine whether and when the goals have been reached.

Remember, recognising past mistakes is not a sign of failure. Nobody gets it right all the time (and especially not the first time!). Looking back can be very useful before planning future action.

Bigger Campaigns

For future funding in particular, it is useful to have a full report on the way a campaign was carried out and what its results were This work is best done by an independent expert with disability campaigns experience or by an evaluation consultant. Remember to include funds for this in your fund-raising application.

NAAW

After National Access Awareness Week, a detailed questionnaire aimed at provincial and territorial organising committees is sent out, to evaluate their activities. There is also an evaluation of media impact and "awareness tracking", through interviews with 1,000 Canadians. Telephone surveys are used to assess the usefulness of promotional and resource materials.

Sample Questionnaire

"In order to help future planning, we would like your view and comments on the following. Please be as honest as you can.

What were your expectations of the event?

Do you feel they were met? If not, why?

Was there too much or too little going on?

Which workshops did you attend?

What is your opinion of the practical arrangements (venue, interpretation, etc.)?

Any other comments (what you liked; what might have made the day better for you)?

Name of your organisation (you don't have to fill this in but it would be useful)

Please return this form to: [your address]"

Surveys

Evaluating projects yourself can involve many different types of activity. First, identify your aims. What do you want to find out and how do you intend to use the information.

Make Sure:

• You collect only relevant information.
• The information you require can be easily obtained.
• You collect all relevant information - you don't want to have to start again.
• Your methods are sound.

Decide:

• What you need to measure or count.
• What questions you are going to ask.
• How many people you need to question to get a statistically good result.
• How you are going to analyse the information you obtain.
• Who is going to design the questionnaire.
• How you will distribute it.
• Whether you need professional advice from a statistician or market researcher.

Some of the Aims of Evaluation

• To examine the efficiency and impact of your organisation's work.
• To look at leadership and membership structures - are they democratic; should they be?
• To help development by identifying barriers and contributing to the planning of future work.
• To examine the growth of material resources and numbers of members. Which strategies have been most effective in bringing this about?
• To feed back to your organisation and its supporters, the views of the grassroots members -what their expectations and criticisms are.

Remember

You cannot evaluate a disability organisation or its programmes in the terms used for a service-provider or a business - its quantity, quality and cost-effectiveness. You are also looking at development of members and of the organisation as a whole; improvements in the lives of disabled people in the community as a whole. You can evaluate how effective a campaign has been in these terms, but it is much more difficult than looking at how economically a business is run.





Facts and Figures

19. About DAA

Disability Awareness in Action (DAA) is an international public education campaign to promote, support and coordinate national action to further the objectives of the United Nations Decade of Disabled Persons and the World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons (WPA).

National action by disabled people can only work if they and their organisations are able to use the channels and contacts needed to influence governments and raise public awareness of disability issues. DAA uses participation, partnership and publicity to work for these objectives.

Participation

DAA works with disabled people and their organisations to stimulate national action on disability issues. In some countries, disabled people's organisations have gained the skills of lobbying authorities and have set up channels of influence. This experience can be shared with other organisations, particularly in developing countries, where national policy on disability is almost non-existent. In particular, DAA is targeting developing countries, disabled women and other under-represented groups of disabled people.

Partnership

Traditionally, disabled people and their organisations have not had access to information that could empower them - on development, organisation-building and strategies for social change. DAA provides a resource base of advice and information to support the partnership between governments, policy-makers, NGOs, industry, the media and disabled people everywhere.

Publicity

Inappropriate images of disability have been a major barrier to the understanding of disability issues by the general public and policy-makers. Disability organisations need to ensure greater awareness of these issues in the media and, through them, among people everywhere.

DAA Staff

Project Director: Rachel Hurst

Project Assistant: Kate Gane

Information Officer: Agnes Fletcher

Administrative Assistant: Amina Ariqy

Organisations Involved

Disabled Peoples' International (DPI) advocates the rights of disabled people. Its philosophy is that disabled people should achieve full participation and equality in all societies. The DPI network has over 100 national assembly members, over half of which are in developing countries. National affiliates aim to be cross-disability, grassroots organisations. DPI has consultative status with ECOSOC, UNESCO, ILO, UNOV.

IMPACT is an international initiative against avoidable impairment. Launched by the UN Development Programme, WHO and UNICEF. The international office in Geneva coordinates national IMPACT foundations in a number of developing and developed countries. Joining forces with governments, institutions and the mass media, the foundations help initiate low-cost measures to combat disability.

International League of Societies of Persons with Mental Handicap (ILSMH) is the only organisation which speaks for the world's 40 million people with mental impairments, their families and those who work for them. The League now includes 100 societies from 67 countries. It exists to help its members fulfil their own objectives in response to local need. ILSMH has consultative status with the UN.

Rehabilitation International (RI) is a federation of 145 organisations in 82 countries conducting programmes to assist people with disabilities and all who work for prevention, rehabilitation and integration.

World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) is an international organisation of national associations of the deaf. The WFD was established in 1951 and is working towards full participation and equal rights for deaf people. Consultative status with the UN.

Executive Committee

Chairperson: Henry Enns (DPI)

Vice-Chairperson: Murray Holmes (WFD)

Vice-Chairperson: John Chillag (ILSMH)

Secretary: Anneli Joneken (DPI)

Treasurer: Senator Eita Yashiro (DPI)

Information: Mary Holland (RI)

20. Addresses

BCODP, De Bradelei House, Chapel Street, Belper, Derbyshire, DE5 IAR, United Kingdom

Directory of Social Change, Radius Works, Back Lane, London NW3 IHL, UK

Disability Awareness in Action (DAA), 11 Belgrave Road, London SWIV IRB, UK.

Tel: +44 71 834 0477. Fax: +44 71 821 9539. Minicom: +44 71 821 9812

Disabled Peoples' International (DPI), 101-7 Evergreen, Winnipeg, R3L 2T3, Canada. Tel: +1 204 287 8010. Fax: +1 204 287 8175

International Disability Foundation, 9 avenue de Joli-Mont, 1209 Geneva, Switzerland. Tel: +41 22 788 5988. Fax: +41 22 788 5954

IMPACT, c/o WHO, Room L225, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland. Tel: +41 22 791 3733. Fax: +41 22 791 0746

International League of Societies of Persons with Mental Handicap (ILSMH), 248 Avenue Louise, bte. 17 Brussels, Belgium B-1050. Tel: +32 2 647 6180. Fax: +32 2 647 2969

National Access Awareness Week (NAAW), Secretary of State, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0M5, Canada.

Tel. +1 819 953 5005

Rehabilitation International (RI), 25 East 21St Street, New York, NY 10010, USA. Tel: +1 212420 1500. Fax: +212 505 0871

SAFOD, 130 Herbert Chitepo Street, 12th Avenue, PO Box 2247, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Tel: +263 9 69356. Fax: +263 9 74398

TALC (Teaching Aids at Low Cost), PO Box 49, St. Albans, Herts. ALI 4AX, United Kingdom

UN Centre for Human Rights, Legislation and Prevention of Discrimination Branch, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. Tel: +41 22 734 6011. Fax: +41 22 733 9879

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA. Tel: +1 212 326 7000. Fax: +1 212 326 7336

United Nations Development Fund for Women, 304 E 45th Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10017, USA. Tel: +1 212 906 6400. Fax: +1 212 906 6705

UN Development Programme (UNDP), UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA

UN NGO Liaison Service, Palais des Nations, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland

World Blind Union (WBU), 224 Great Portland Street, London W1N 6AA, United Kingdom

World Federation of the Deaf (WFD), Ilkantie 4, PO Box 65, SF-00401 Helsinki, Finland. Tel: +358 0 58031. Fax: +358 0 5803770

21. Publications

Communicating with Pictures, UNICEF, PO Box 1187, Kathmandu, Nepal

Consultation and Influence, DAA. One copy free to organisations of disabled people. Otherwise £2.50

Designing with Care: A Guide to Adaptation of the Built Environment for Disabled Persons, Disabled Persons Unit, UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA

Disability, Liberation and Development, by Peter Coleridge. From Oxfam Publications, 274 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7DZ, UK. Price £ 19.95 hardback or £6.95 paperback. For overseas orders, payments must be made by £ sterling cheque drawn on a UK account, International Money Order, Eurocheque in £ sterling, or US$ cheque drawn on a US bank account - add $10 for bank charges

Disabled People in Britain and Discrimination: A Case for Anti-Discrimination Legislation, by Colin Barnes. From Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 38 King Street, London WC2E 8JT, UK. Price £9.95

Evaluating Social Development Projects, Oxfam Publications (as above)

Fund-Raising Leaflets, Directory of Social Change. A set of 12 leaflets covering all aspects of fund-raising for staff and committees of charities and voluntary organisations. Price £7.50 per set

Handbook on Funding and Training Resources for Disability-Related Services in Asia and the Pacific, ESCAP, UN Building, Rajdamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand

Hip-Pocket Guide to Planning and Evaluation, Non-Formal Education Centre, College of Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA

How to Write Better Fund-raising Applications, Directory of Social Change. Practical guide with examples, exercises and guidance notes to help you write more successful applications. Price £9.95

Influence Skills: Communication and Community Mobilisation, Commonwealth Secretariat, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London SWIY 5HX, United Kingdom

Media Information, DAA. One copy free to organisations of disabled people. Otherwise £2.50

Participatory Rural Appraisal Handbook, PACT, 777 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA

Raising Money From Industry, Directory of Social Change. Handbook explaining how and why companies give, suggestions of how to identify and apply to a likely donor. Price £5.95.

Reaffirmation of Commitment to the World Programme of Action Concerning Disabled People. Available from Disability Awareness in Action or Disabled Peoples' International

Survey of Monitoring & Evaluation Systems used by Selected Development Assistance Organisations, Appropriate Technology International, 1331 H Street NW, Washington DC 20005, USA

Third World Directory (fund-raising), Directory of Social Change

22. Words

affiliate - someone or something closely associated or connected with another

alternate media - alternatives to speech or writing, such as braille, tape, lip-reading

brain-storm - intensive discussion to solve problems or generate ideas

committee - group of people appointed to perform a specified service or function

consensus - general or widespread agreement

cuttings - articles or photographs on a particular subject cut from newspapers or magazines

direct action - strikes or demonstrations to obtain demands from an employer or government

discrimination - unfair treatment of person or group of people; action based on prejudice

ECOSOC - Economic and Social Council (United Nations body)

enact - to make into an act or statute; to establish by law or decree

endorse - to give approval to something

federal - form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional governments; the central government of a federation

'hard' news story - announces a specific piece of news - results of a survey, launch of a campaign house style - language, layout, logo, etc. regularly used by a company or other organisation

ILO - International Labour Organisation

'in goods' - in goods and produce rather than in money

integration - process of making or being made into a whole; opposite of segregation

layout - plan of a publication, the position of type, typesizes and typefaces

legislation - process of making laws; laws made by this process

letterhead - usual design of address and logo for an organisation's correspondence

logo - trademark or emblem of company or other organisation

mailing list - list of people to receive publications

mailshot - any given sending out of a number of copies of the same item

MP - Member of Parliament

NAAW - National Access Awareness Week

NIW - National Integration Week

personal assistance - help with an individual's specific needs

petition - document signed by a large number of people demanding action from an authority

presidium - a collective presidency

press briefing - meeting at which information is given to the media

press release - official announcement or account of a news item circulated to the media

print run - the number of copies produced

SAFOD - Southern African Federation of the Disabled

scrapbook - book or album of blank pages in which to stick cuttings, pictures, etc.

secondment - transfer of employee to other post or organisation, while continuing their salary

segregation - practice or policy of creating separate facilities for a particular group

sensationalism - use of language that arouses an intense emotional response, such as horror,

pity or curiosity

slogan - distinctive or topical phrase used in politics or advertising

sponsorship - promotion of a person or group in an activity for profit or charity

stigmatise - to mark out or describe something as bad

tangible - capable of being grasped by the hand or the mind

UN - United Nations

UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

UNICEF - United Nations Children's Fund

UNOV - United Nations Office in Vienna

WHO - World Health Organisation

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Contents Campaigns

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